Question asked by Jason
The basic description of a boddhisatva I’ve read is “a person who is able to reach nirvana but delays doing so out of compassion in order to save suffering beings”. This doesn’t quite make sense to me since if they reach nirvana, they should have even greater capacity to help others so it doesn’t make sense to delay their enlightenment. I was wondering if the pastors could clarify on this issue.
Dear Jason,
Thank you for your question. The path of a Bodhisattva, is actually quite vast, and the description you’ve seen is a simplification. The path of the Bodhisattva is explained is many different texts, for example it is explained in the higher scope teachings of the Lamrim, the Sutra of the Ten Bhumis, the Bodhisattvabhumis, etc. I’ll try to give a simple overview here.
The very basis of the Bodhisattva path is what is called ‘bodhichitta.’ This is the motivation or mindset of achieving enlightenment so that you can bring all other sentient beings to the state of enlightenment. In other traditions, the goal of attaining enlightenment is for oneself alone. In the Bodhisattva path, which belongs to the Mahayana vehicle, the goal to achieve enlightenment is not for ourselves but for the sake of others. Once, you have generated this mindset, you are a Bodhisattva.
But there are differing levels of Bodhisattvas. There are ten levels, known as the ten grounds, of a Bodhisattva. So you progress in your Dharma practice of benefiting others and improving yourself for the sake of others, along these ten levels. Once you reach the 10th level, you are essentially enlightened, but you remain in the form of a bodhisattva rather than leaving your body and entering full enlightenment. The reason for this, is your motivation is not just for yourself but all other sentient beings who are still suffering.
When you achieve nirvana, you are in a state of bliss. Since you are in that state, you can remain there for a very long time without helping sentient beings. Hence Bodhisattvas remain to help all sentient beings instead of staying in that blissful state, due to their motivation for all senient beings to achieve that state of bliss themselves. I hope that this helps to answer your question. If not, you can refer to the teachings I mentioned at the begining.
Though not directly related to your question, you might find this short video teaching by Tsem Rinpoche interesting:
Why Bodhisattvas Are Like Peacocks
https://youtu.be/OHXULhL-UHo?si=FG80TpQACuYhbsCm