Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia. It has the biggest and most diverse archipelago in the world covering 2 million square kilometres from Asia to Australia.

This tropical country is made up of over 18,000 islands, but only 6,000 are inhabited. It boasts dramatic landscapes, like Sulawesi’s magnificent coastlines with white sandy beaches, as well as amazing diving spots and high mountain ranges with almost 100 volcanoes.

It is a land filled with adventurous locations, offering travellers an endless array of intriguing and exciting sites to explore, unwind, and be mystified.

Tsem Rinpoche

History

It is believed that Indonesia’s first migrators were Austronesian people who migrated from Taiwan

Indonesia’s first immigrants are believed to have been Austronesians who migrated from Taiwan between 2500 BC and 1500 BC. They were apparently very skilled in maritime travel, and they came looking for new fertile land for agriculture. They eventually surpassed the less-developed indigenous population at that time. Indonesia’s strategic location also made it ideal for international trade with the Indian and Chinese kingdoms.

In the early centuries AD, a few smaller states flourished. One of them was Tarumanagara, which produced some of the earliest discoveries of writing inscriptions on the island.

The Srivijaya kingdom, established in Sumatra in the 7th century BC, introduced Hinduism and Buddhism to the land. The invasion of King Rajendra Chola from Tamil Nadu (South India) in the 11th century led to the fall of Srivijaya’s Sailendra Dynasty, which coincided with the return of the great Buddhist scholar, Atisha, in 1025, from Sumatra to India and Tibet. By 1414, this kingdom of Srivijaya had completely ceased to exist.

This is a carving from the ancient temple of Borobudur, showing a Srivijayan ship

During the slow decline of the Srivijayan kingdom, Islam made its way to Indonesia, and a new power arose. The Majapahit Empire was ruled by the powerful military leader and prime minister known as Gajah Mada. During his reign, Indonesia experienced a Golden Age, which expanded to the southern Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Bali, and Borneo.

The Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive after Marco Polo, who passed by in the late thirteenth century. The Dutch took over in 1602, colonising Indonesia for the next 350 years. The British temporarily held the land from 1811 to 1816 before relinquishing it back to the Dutch.

When the Dutch was in control and living with the natives, they placed themselves in a higher social class and were quite cruel at times. In the early 20th century, various nationalist groups joined forces, and Sarekat Islam was formed. They organised a mass movement that grew to 93,000 members within a few months. The Dutch attempted to suppress them, but they rose up and overthrown the Dutch leadership.

Dutch rule ended with World War II and the Japanese occupation. On August 17th, 1945, after the Japanese surrendered to Allied forces, Sukarno, the forerunner of the nationalist movement, declared Indonesia’s independence. He then became Indonesia’s first president. Sukarno made a bold decision in changing Indonesia from a democracy to an authoritarian state and managed to preserve the power of the Communist Party of Indonesia against opposing military forces.

In the mid-1960s, there was an attempt to overthrow Sukarno. The army retaliated, and almost 500,000 people were killed. In 1996, Sukarno’s efforts to restore democracy was destroyed by the Communist Party, and he was forced to surrender to General Suharto.

Location

Map of Indonesia. Click on image to enlarge.

Indonesia sprawls across the Equator belt between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It borders Malaysia in the north, Papua New Guinea in the East, and Australia in the south. Other neighbouring countries include Singapore, Philippines, Palau, Vietnam, and Thailand.

Regions

Indonesia is massive. With its 18,000 plus islands, Indonesia provides up to 108,000 kilometres of beaches. From Aceh (West) to Papua (East), it covers more than 4,000 kilometres (2500 miles), which is the distance between New York City and San Francisco. Indonesia sits on the western rim of the Ring of Fire. It has more than 400 volcanoes, both on land and under the sea, of which 130 are still active. The Indonesian province of Papua is located on the island of New Guinea, which is the second biggest island in the world.

Here is a list of the different provinces in different regions of Indonesia at a glance:

• Kalimantan (Borneo)

The world’s third largest island contains Kalimantan, where you will discover wild uncharted tropical jungles, home to the orangutans, mighty rivers, and natural paradise landscapes for the adventure traveller.

• Sumatra – Bangka-Belitung and Riau Islands

The sixth largest island in the world is home to over 40 million inhabitants. It is filled with a wealth of natural beauty and culture. Wild and rugged, it is also the home of many endangered species.

• Java (and Madura Island)

The nation’s capital, Jakarta, is located on this island, which is also considered to be the heartland of the country. Though it is not a very big island, it is home to a significantly large percentage of Indonesia’s population. This is also where you can discover cultural treasures in places like Yogyakarta, Prambanan, and the sacred Borobudur.

• Bali

This place does not need much introduction. It is just paradise. With its legendary beaches, amazing marine life, breathtaking highlands, and exotic culture, Bali is one of the world’s most popular destinations.

• Sulawesi (Celebes)

This island has some of the most interesting and diverse cultures in Indonesia, like the Toraja. It is also rich in flora and fauna and offers world class diving spots against a backdrop of spectacular lush green forest.

• Maluku (Moluccas)

The historic Spice Islands, Maluku is famous for its nutmeg trees and the active Gunung Api volcano. The islands have not been explored much and are still unknown to the outside world.

• Nusa Tenggara

Also known as the Lesser Sunda Islands (Southeast Islands), this is another great diving spot that is also home to Komodo dragons.

• Papua (Irian Jaya)

One of the most isolated places on earth, Papua is the western half of New Guinea Island. The island is covered with scenic mountains, thick forests, swamps, and dense wilderness.

Population

Indonesia has 257.6 million people, and it has the largest Muslim population in the world. The largest ethnic groups are the Javanese, which makes up 45% of the population. The Sundanese comprise 14% of the population, followed by the Madurese at 7.5%. The rest is made up of Acehnese, Balinese, Minangkabau, Iban, Dayaks, and 3000 smaller ethnic groups inhabiting the huge land.
The Indonesian Chinese is another ethnic group found throughout the country. They are known as Tionghoa, and they make up 3% of the population, which around 6-7 million people.

Climate

Indonesia is a tropical climate country. It is mostly hot and humid all year round. It has two main seasons: rainy and dry season. However, it still rains during the dry season, though not as heavily or frequently.

1. Dry Season– April to October
2. Rainy Season- November to March

The temperature in the coastal areas average around 28°C. In the mountain and inland areas, the average is 26°C. In the higher mountain regions, it can go down to 23°C. Humidity is quite high and ranges between 70% to 90%.

Typhoons can sometimes occur in Indonesia between September and December, causing rainstorms and heavy winds. Not every typhoon is a strong one, and they usually happen during stormy seasons. Just be on the alert and find out about safety precautions in your area.

When to visit

Depending on which part of Indonesia you are visiting, the best time to visit may vary. Here’s a quick glance to help you decide.

Java- The best time to go is between April and October. The rainy season lasts from November to March.

Sumatra- The best time to go is from April to October. Like Java, Sumatra’s rainy season is from November to March and the monsoon season can cause some roads to become inaccessible.

Bali- The best time to go is from October to March. Although it is monsoon season, you can still expect plenty of sunshine and blue skies. August to September are their driest months.

Nusa Tenggara– Their wettest months are from November to February, and the dry season is usually August and September. The duration of the dry and rainy seasons are different in each island. Hence, it all depends on what you prefer. It would be best to ask your travel agent for more advice. As a rule of thumb, the closer the island is to Australia, the longer the duration of the dry season.

What to wear

Lightweight cotton clothing is always best when visiting a tropical climate country like Indonesia. Just be sure to bring along an umbrella or a raincoat when you are out and about, in case of sudden downpours. You will need a sweater if you are visiting the mountainous inland areas. It is always good to be prepared for humidity and high temperatures.

Culture and Customs

Looking at its history, we find that Indonesia has been shaped by multiple foreign influences together with its indigenous customs. Although Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world, other religions, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, and Confucianism, also play a strong influence in their culture. The Hindu influence from the former Majapahit Empire seems to provide the foundation for many of Indonesia’s cultures and traditions across the country.

With over 300 ethnic groups spread out over 18,000 islands, it is no wonder that the government came up with the national motto of “Unity in Diversity” to maintain harmony amongst its peoples.

Language

Indonesia’s official language is Indonesian or ‘Bahasa Indonesia’. It is a standard dialect of the Malay language that was established when Indonesia gained independence in 1945. Although Indonesian is their official language, the locals still maintain and speak their regional dialects, such as Javanese or Minangkabau. They will usually speak their dialects when they are at home and mingling with their community while Indonesian is used at work and school.

Hierarchy

As in most Asian cultures, hierarchy is very important in the Indonesian culture. Hierarchical relationships are very much stressed and upheld, and respect is often shown to those with status, position, power, and age. This is something you will see in the villages as well as in the urban cities and workplaces whereby those who are most senior are expected to lead and make decisions.

Superiors are often called bapak, which means “father” or “Sir” for men, or ibu, which means “mother” or “madam” for women. Although it is common for those who are senior to make decisions, the Indonesians also strongly advocate group discussion and consensus to maintain a strong cohesive and harmonious relationships amongst teammates.

‘Loss of Face’

When in Indonesia, you need to understand that their cultural concept of ‘loss of face’ is very important. It means shame or embarrassment, and it should be avoided at all times. You should never mock or insult anyone, and any issues or problems should be privately addressed to make sure that the person does not ‘lose face’. Because of this, Indonesians have become very skilled at communicating indirectly. This means that they do not always mean what they say and they can say ‘no’ in ten different ways. They can even say ‘yes’ to you, but it will still mean ‘no’.

Etiquette

Meeting or Greeting

• Greeting someone is a sign of respect and it can appear to be formal. A handshake is commonly used to greet someone followed by the phrase “Selamat”.
• After a handshake, they may give you a slight bow or place their hands on their heart.
• When introduced to a few people, you should always greet the eldest and most senior person in the group first.
• Titles are important in Indonesia. It shows the person’s status and should be used to address the person together with his/her name.
• You may come across some Indonesians with only one name, but it is becoming more common to have a first name and a surname now.
• You may also come across Indonesians with nicknames. This is because many of them, especially those from Java, have extremely long names that are then shortened for convenience in conversation.

Gift Giving Etiquette (for ethnic Indians)

• Use only the right hand when offering gifts.
• Bright colours signify good fortune, so it is good to wrap gifts in red, yellow, or any other brightly-coloured paper.
• Avoid giving leather products to a Hindu.
• Do not offer alcohol to people whom you do not know well unless you are certain that they do drink alcohol.
• Do not open gifts immediately after you receive them.

Dining Etiquette

• Dining is a pretty relaxed affair, depending on the occasion and setting.
• As a guest, your place at the table would have been chosen in advance, so it is best to wait to be shown to your seat at meal times.
• Usually, dishes served are shared and placed in the middle of the table. It is customary to serve the guests or the elders first. After that, it is not considered rude if you help yourself.
• If food is served in a buffet style, then guests will be asked to help themselves first. It is polite if the guest insists that others go ahead of him/her, though we hardly see this happening.
• During formal dining situations, men are usually served first before women.
• Before you start eating, it is polite to wait to be invited to eat.
• Usually, the only utensils placed on a table is a fork and a spoon. Depending on the situation, though, some people may use their hands to eat.
• When passing food or eating, use only your right hand.

Arts

The wayang kulit (shadow puppetry) is made from very intricate and detailed cut-outs and used to act out scenes from folklores

The wayang kulit (shadow puppetry) is probably the most distinctive and unique Indonesian art. It is made from very intricate and detailed cut-outs, and used to act out scenes from the ancient Mahabharata and Ramayana times as well as to tell stories of popular folklores. It is accompanied by the gamelan orchestra, which produces very complex metallic rhythms. The music backs up the puppetry performances, which are usually presented during special occasions requiring traditional entertainment and religious ceremonies.

Indonesia’s culture is also intertwined with the Malays, which is where unique items such as the kris daggers and batik fabric originate. Due to the influence of Islam, the Arabic culture has also been adopted into their culture.

Visas

Most travellers can get a visa on arrival for USD35 at all common entry points from Java to Bali and so on. There are three types of visa offered for entering Indonesia:

• Visa Waiver/ Visa-Free (non-extendable visa and only good for 30 days)– This applies to citizens of 169 countries as of July 2016. To find out if your nationality is eligible for this, please go to https://indonesia.visahq.com/
• Visa-on-Arrival (extendable visa)- Costs USD35, which you pay on arrival, and you will get a visa in your passport immediately.
• Visa-in-Advance– You may obtain this advance visa at an Indonesian embassy in your country before your arrival. Your travel agency will usually help you with this. You need to ensure that your passport has a minimum of 6 months’ validity and at least one or more blank pages. The rules are the same for any visa extension that you wish to apply for while in the country.

Take Note: Visitors entering with a visa waiver and visa-on-arrival must enter via specific ports of entry. A visa is required if you enter via other ports, regardless of whether you are from a country entitled to a visa waiver or a visa-on-arrival. To find out more, please go to http://www.indonesia.travel/en/post/visa-free-for-169-countries-to-travel-to-indonesia.

Food

You can expect a vast variety of food, rich in spice and intense flavour, from all across the nation and its 18,000 islands. For example in West Java, Sundanese cuisine consists of fresh vegetables and herbs which are eaten raw. Padang cuisine in Sumatra is well-known for its spicy and strong flavours from the Minangkabau culture, which can also be experienced in Malaysia. The Christian Batak and the Hindu Balinese people are pork eaters while, north of Sulawesi, the Manahasa people eat almost everything.

As Indonesia is a Muslim country, you will find that most of their dishes are Halal, which means it does not contain pork, except for Balinese cuisine such as the famous babi guling (roast pig).

Rice is the main staple diet of the Indonesian people, and it is prepared in various ways. Below are some of the unique and popular rice dishes that must be sampled.

Nasi Kuning – A rice dish spiced with yellow turmeric and usually served during special ceremonies. The rice is shaped into a cone called a tumpeng. It is served with a variety of side dishes such as an omelette, sambal (fried tempeh and potatoes in spicy sauce), serundeng (grated coconut and spices), urap (vegetables), teri kacang (fried anchovy and peanuts), and perkedel (potato fritters) with fried chicken or shrimp.

Nasi Padang – Steamed white rice served with a variety of curry dishes and assorted toppings. This dish originally came from Padang, but it is now available everywhere in the country with many variations to its taste.

Nasi Timbel – Steamed white rice wrapped in a banana leaf, and commonly served with Sundanese food.

Nasi Uduk – Sweet rice cooked with coconut milk, usually served with omelette and fried chicken, and is a very popular breakfast dish.

Bebek Goreng – This is a classical Balinese duck rice dish served with steamed vegetables and sambal during special occasions.

Indomie – Indonesia is also home to the world’s largest instant noodle manufacturer –Indomie (Mi Goreng or fried noodles) can be found almost anywhere. It is popularly served at local hawkers and comes with a fried egg on the side.

Bakmi – Thin egg noodles usually served with your choice of toppings, such as chicken or mushrooms.

Bakso/ baso – Pronounced “BAH-so”, these noodles are cooked in chicken broth and served with meatballs.

Soups– Soups are also known as soto. Here are few local favourites.

Rawon – A spicy beef soup from East Java with a nutty flavour. It’s a dark colour soup, and the base is prepared with a lot of garlic, onions, ginger, turmeric, and chillies.

Sayur Asam – A refreshing sour soup with vegetables cooked in tamarind broth and local spices.

Sayur Lodeh – A Javanese vegetable soup dish prepared with coconut milk and usually contains fish.

Soto – A popular meaty soup with a spiced broth with regional variations. Local hawkers commonly serve the soup broth with your choice of chicken, beef, or goat. In Jakarta, you will find Soto Betawi, originally from the indigenous Betawi people, which is made with sweet, creamy coconut milk.

Some Popular Unique Main Dishes

Gado-Gado – The word gado-gado means “mix”, and the dish itself contains a variety of blanched vegetables together with boiled eggs, potatoes, tofu, tempeh, and crackers served in a thick tasty peanut sauce. This dish is a very popular local salad that can also be found in Malaysia.

Gudeg – A signature dish from the royal city of Yogyakarta. This is a sweet dish made from jackfruit that is boiled with spices, coconut milk, and palm sugar. It is a vegetarian dish and can be eaten on its own, or with boiled egg, tempeh, and meat dishes cooked in similar fashion.

Health Precautions

If you are going to be travelling in Indonesia for an extended period, it would be wise to get the necessary vaccines.

Even though malaria is not present in Java or Bali, you should still ask your doctor about vaccinations if you are travelling to uncommon destinations.

Dengue mosquitoes can be found everywhere. There is no vaccine for dengue, so please make sure you bring along a good insect repellent.

The most common vaccine that travellers normally get is for Hepatitis. Be sure to drink bottled water and use thoroughly boiled water for your hot beverages.

In recent years, there have been reports of Avian influenza (bird flu), but the outbreaks are sporadic. Those living in rural places and dealing with live or dead poultry are more at risk. In any case, it is always best to check with your doctor on the necessary vaccines required before travelling.

20 Great Places to Visit

1. Ubud

Situated on the uplands of Bali, Ubud is famed for its artsy and creative scene and is heavily considered one of the best places to visit in Indonesia. This small artistic town is surrounded by lush rainforest and beautiful terraced paddy fields with many Hindu temples and shrines found in every corner.

There are hundreds of little shops selling all kinds of arts and crafts, from antiques and textiles to jewellery and paintings. You will also discover some of the best art museums and galleries in the country here.

Ubud is also home to many artisans specialising in woodcarving. They can be found in villages like Penestanan, Peliatan, Campuhan, and Batuan.

If you want to unwind completely, relax, enjoy good food, shop for unique arts, then there is no better place than Ubud. Considered one of Asia’s top spa destinations, most travellers end up staying for months as they love it so much.

Take note: Like any other temple in Indonesia or when visiting a holy place, it is important to dress respectfully. The dress code is always a traditional ‘kamen’ wrap around the lower body and a sash worn around the waist. Women who are having their periods are prohibited from entering any temple or sacred site. They can enjoy the sights and attractions in the outer perimeters of the temples only.

How to get there

Ubud is in the middle of Bali. After you arrive at the Denpasar airport, which is in south Bali, you can rent a car, take a taxi, or ride a bus to Ubud. The journey takes about 90 minutes as the roads are not very wide and they damage easily due to harsh weather. Usually, hotel transfers are available, so there will be someone waiting for you at the airport. When in Ubud, the best way to travel around is by renting a motorbike.

Accommodation

There are plenty of accommodations in Ubud from luxurious 5-star hotels and resorts to the more budget backpackers guesthouses. Further research should be done to find a place that suits your needs and budget. Here are two examples.

• Beji Ubud Resort

Address: Jl. Sangingan, Bali, 80571 Ubud, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 971166
Website: http://bejiubudresorts.com/

• Villa Saraswati

Address: Jl. Rsi Markandya, Jl. Mpu Beradah, Banjar Payogan, Ubud 80571, Indonesia
Phone: +62 821 47850410
Website: http://villasaraswati.com/

2. Borobudur

One of the Seven Wonders of the World is an ancient sacred Buddhist site located on the island of Java. Borobudur sits majestically on a hill overlooking breathtaking lush green fields and the Menoreh mountain range. Built during the Sailendra dynasty in the 9th century, the temple’s Gupta architecture reflects influences from India and the local culture.

At 123 x 123 meters, Borobudur is massive. Its monument has 504 Buddha statues and is considered the world’s most valuable treasure. The stonework on the temple is so incredibly unique; there is nothing else like it. Without cement or mortar, each stone interlocks with another. No glue was used to hold them together, and it remains strong till today, even after centuries of neglect. The whole temple was buried under volcanic ash until it was rediscovered in 1815. During the 1970’s, the Indonesian Government, together with UNESCO, took eight years to restore Borobudur to its former glory.

How to get there

The easiest way to get to Borobudur is to rent a car or join a tour group. It will take about an hour to get there by car. However, there are regular buses heading there from Magelang via Muntilan.

The temple ground is best explored by foot. There is a toy train that shuttles visitors around the temple, museum, and entrance that cost Rp5,000.

Address/ Location: Jl. Badrawati, Borobudur, Magelang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
Phone: +62 293 788266 or 024 8646 2345 (Call center)
Entrance Fee:

• Adult (non-Indonesian)– Rp 325,000 since June 2017
• Registered student (non-Indonesian)– Rp 190,000 (ISIC or university card is required).
• Indonesian adult– Rp 30,000 (including foreigners with Indonesian work permit)

Borobudur and Prambanan temple visit– Rp 420,000 (package tickets are available at the temple entrance and they are valid for two days from the date of purchase).
Opening Hours: 6am – 5pm
Website: http://borobudurpark.com/

Accommodation

There are plenty of accommodations available near and around Borobudur. We recommend you do further research to find a place that suits your needs and budget. Here are two examples.

1. Villa Borobudur

Address: Dusun Pete RT003 RW 003, Majaksingi, Magelang, Borobudur, Magelang 56553, Indonesia
Phone: + 62 851 00525520
Website: https://villaborobudur.com/

1. Tingal Laras Art House Homestay

Address: Tingal Kulon 2/2 Wanurejo, Borobudur, Magelang 56553, Indonesia
Phone: +62 812 2990750
Website: https://goo.gl/SVZ5zy

3. Tanah Lot

One of Bali’s most treasured landmarks and must-visit sites, Tanah Lot Temple sits uniquely on a natural rock formation off the shore of the island of Bali. The name Pura Tanah Lot literally means Tanah Lot Temple, and it is home to an ancient Hindu shrine.

Tanah Lot was built by Dang Hyang Nirartha, also known as Pedanda Shakti Wawu Rauh in the 16th century. He was a traveller and a Saivite (Hindu) religious figure in Bali. He was travelling around the south coast of Bali when he stumbled upon this island of rock. He found the setting beautiful and decided to rest there. Some nearby fishermen saw him and brought offerings to him. He spent the night on the little island. The next day, he told the fishermen that this was a holy place to worship the sea gods and that they should build a shrine on the rock. The rest is history. At the bottom of the rocky island are venomous sea snakes that are believed to guard the temple against intruders and evil spirits. The whole temple is protected by a giant snake which Niratha created from his selendang (sash). Tanah Lot temple is one of seven sea temples around Bali, and the view of the sun setting behind the temple is a magical sight not to be missed.

Take Note: Like any other temple in Bali or when visiting a holy place, it is important to dress respectfully. The dress code is always a traditional ‘kamen’ wrap around the lower body and a sash worn around the waist. Not to worry if you forgot, at the entrance of the temple, there will always be sarong rental services. Women who are having their periods are prohibited from entering any temple or sacred site. They can enjoy the sights and attractions in the outer perimeters of the temples only.

How to get there

Located in the north-west, Tanah Lot is around 45 minutes’ drive by car from Seminyak, Kuta, or Legian. If you are coming from Ubud, you can get there within 30 to 40 minutes.

If you are taking a taxi from Kuta, it can cost you around Rp300,000. Depending on how well you bargain, it can go down to Rp100,000.

Once you’ve reached the temple, you will walk through rows of Balinese market and souvenir shops set up along the path down to the sea. Restaurants have also been set up on the mainland.
There are plenty of tour packages available, so please check with your hotel.

Address/ Location: Beraban, Kediri, Tabanan Regency, Bali, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 880361
Entrance Fee: Adults- Rp60,000; Children– Rp30,000
Opening Hours: 7am–7pm

Accommodation

There are a few accommodations around Tanah Lot. Below are two examples of the nearest ones. If you are on a budget, you can choose to stay near the surrounding area in Tabanan, where there are smaller hotels and private villas. We recommend you do further research to find a place that suits your needs and budget.

1. Pan Pacific Nirwana Bali Resort

Address: Jalan Raya Tanah Lot, Tabanan, Bali 82171, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 815900
Website: https://www.panpacific.com/en/hotels-resorts/indonesia/nirwana-bali-resort.html
Note: Pan Pacific is just 5 minutes’ walk to Tanah Lot Temple, a 15-minute drive to Seminyak, and a 1-hour drive to the Ubud Art Centre and Museum Gallery.

1. Dewi Sinta Hotel

Address: Taman Wisata Tanah Lot, Kediri, Tabanan, 82171 Tanah Lot, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 812933
Website: http://www.dewisinta.com/
Note: Dewi Sinta Hotel is just a 5-minute walk to Tanah Lot Temple.

4. Kalibiru National Park

If you are in Yogyakarta and wish for some adventure, check out the Kalibiru National Park which offers outbound activities such as rock climbing, tightrope walking, zip-lining, and trekking paths.

Located in the Menoreh Hills, at 450 meters above sea level, the park offers a lot of beautiful photo opportunities. One such site is on a treetop with a backdrop of lush green mountains, hills, and lake – perfect for selfie lovers and travel bloggers.

How to get there

Around 30 kilometres from Yogyakarta, the roads heading to Kalibiru can get pretty steep so it is recommended that you hire a taxi, which cost around Rp500,000 for half a day (12 hours) and can take you anywhere you want to go. Otherwise, you can enquire with your hotel as most of them usually offer rides that do not require a half-day booking.

You can also get there by bus or by train. Take the Trans Jogja bus from Giwangan bus station to Wates City. After that, rent a motor taxi up to Kalibiru, which is 10 kilometres from the bus station. This may be the cheaper option, but it also takes a lot of time.

Alternatively, the easier and faster option is to take the train from Tugu Railway Station and catch a train to Wates Railway. When you arrive, hop on a motor taxi.

The best time to go there is in the mornings and during weekdays as it gets very crowded on the weekends. Many locals like to visit this park, and the place gets more popular each year. They will also close the tree spots at around 4pm-5pm, so it’s best to get there early.

Address/ Location: Kalibiru, Hargowilis, Kokap, Hargowilis, Kokap, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55653, Indonesia
Phone: +62 813 92947249 / 813 92023122
Entrance Fee: Rp5,000/person on weekdays OR Rp10,000/person on weekends
Photo Spots- There are a few photo opportunity spots, and they range from Rp10,000 to Rp15,000 to get there.
Adventure Package- Rp35,000 / person (includes zip-line, climbing, sling, spider web, and hanging bridge)
Opening Hours: 6am –5pm
Website: https://wisatakalibiru.wordpress.com/

Accommodation

There may not be many hotels near Kalibiru National Park but, rest assured, there are plenty around in Yogyakarta. Below are two examples. You should do more research to find a place that suits your budget and requirements.

1. The Westlake Resort Yogya

Address: Jl. Ringroad Barat | Bedog Trihanggo, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55291, Indonesia
Phone: +62 274 2820666
Website: http://www.thewestlakejogja.com/

1. Rimbono Homestay

Address: Nglinggo Samiigaluh, Pagerharjo, Samigaluh, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Phone: +62 822-2622-8323
Website: http://www.dewisinta.com/

5. Sendang Gile and Tiu Kelep Waterfalls

The mesmerising 40 meters Tiu Kelep waterfall

Located north of Lombok, at the foot of Mount Rinjani, are two gorgeous waterfalls that are becoming very popular. Discovering these layered waterfalls that are set among the lush tropical rainforest is like finding a piece of paradise on earth.

The beautiful Sedang Gile 70 meters Sedang Gile waterfall

Enjoy a good hike up to the falls, crossing three rivers and rocky trails. The first waterfall is Sedang Gile which is a 70-meter waterfall. The second waterfall is Tiu Kelep, which is a 45-minute hike above Sedang Gile. When you get to the second fall, you will be captivated by the 40-meter fall of Tiu Kelep. This is where most people plunge in and enjoy the cool waters, and feel refreshed by the misty breeze from the falls.

According to the locals, the waterfall is believed to help heal many diseases and keep you youthful. They also believe that if you speak too loudly, the flow of the water becomes bigger.

How to get there

The drive from the capital city Mataram will take two and a half hours. You can arrange transportation or hire a taxi from your hotel to the waterfalls. Once you arrive, it takes ten to fifteen minutes to hike to the first waterfall, Sendang Gile.

Take Note: It is recommended that you wear sturdy soled shoes when hiking, and sandals when crossing the rivers. It can get pretty crowded during weekends and public holidays, so try to avoid heading there during those times. Even when it’s crowded, though, it is still worth the trip!

Address/ Location: Gunung Rinjani National Park, Senaru, Lombok 83354, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: Rp10,000 per person, and Rp50,000 for an experienced local guide
Opening Hours: 7am – 5pm
Website: NIL

Accommodation

There are a few hotels near the waterfalls. Below are just two examples. We recommend you do further research to find a place that suits your budget and requirements.

1. Rinjani Lodge

Address: Jalan Periwisata Senaru Bayan, 83354 Senaru, Indonesia
Phone: +62 819 07384944
Website: https://www.rinjanilodge.com/

1. Anak Rinjani Guest House

Address: Jalan Pariwisata, 83354 Senaru, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Website: https://goo.gl/opXH51

6. Gili Islands

This is the most popular destination in Lombok, especially among the backpacker tourists. The island welcomes you to its laid-back pace of life and offers white sandy beaches and crystal-clear waters that are a rival to Bali. Snorkel with turtles at the turtle sanctuary, and explore the many beautiful diving spots.

The island also has an abundance beachside cafes, restaurants and bars that serve international to local favourites. It is considered to be a more relaxed island compared to Bali, but it still manages to stimulate your senses. The island has a strong commitment to the environment, especially in protecting and conserving its reefs. Many travellers have fallen in love with the island and end up making it their home and setting up businesses. The best part about this island is that there are no cars, no motorbikes, and no traffic!

How to get there

Fly to Bali and then take a boat to Gili Islands, which is by far the fastest way. Do check out https://www.gilibookings.com/ to get more information, book your tickets online, and see seat availability. For cheaper ticket and budget operators, go to https://www.gilitickets.com/.

Alternatively, you can take the ferry that leaves every hour from Padang Bai to Lembar Harbour. It runs 24 hours a day and is used by many locals. It is a very basic service, and the journey is very slow. After you have arrived in Lombok, you will have to take either a car or a boat from Bangsal Harbour for the 2-hour ride to Gili Islands.

From Lombok to Gili Island, you can charter a fast boat, which only takes 35 minutes to get there. The best way is to walk up to the nearest travel agent and enquire about their transport packages.

• Take a shuttle bus or taxi to Bangsal Harbour, which is about an hour from Mataram Airport, then take a public boat.
• From Bangsal Harbour – charter a boat
• From Senggigi Harbour – charter a boat (1-2 hours)
• From Teluk Nare – charter a speedboat (30 minutes)

Here is a good website with good tips from the locals: http://ingili.com/how-to-get-to-gili-islands-from-lombok/

Address/ Location: Off the north-west coast of Lombok
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: NIL
Opening Hours: NIL
Website: http://www.gili-paradise.com/

Accommodation

There are many accommodations to choose from in the Gili Islands. From luxurious 5-star hotels to cheaper options, there is a place to suit your particular budget and requirements. Below are just two examples.

1. Jambuluwuk Oceano Resort

Address: North Gili Trawangan, West Nusa Tenggara 85532, Indonesia
Phone: +62 370 6194854
Website: http://www.oceanojambuluwukresort.com/

1. Alam Gili

Address: Gili Trawangan, Gili Indah, Pemenang, Kabupaten Lombok Utara, Nusa Tenggara Bar. 80571, Indonesia
Phone: +62 370 6130466
Website: http://www.alamindahbali.com/alam_gili.htm

7. Candi Prambanan

An aerial view of the massive Candi Prambanan

Not far from Borobudur is the massive Prambanan Temple, which was built in the ninth century by the Mataram Kingdom. It is the biggest Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva in Indonesia, and an indication that Buddhism and Hinduism lived peacefully alongside each other. An icon of Indonesia’s cultural heritage, it was declared as a World Heritage site in 1991 by UNESCO.

The beautiful Candi Prambanan on a full moon night

Prambanan temple was lost and neglected for hundreds of years. It was only rediscovered by a Dutchman, CA Lons, in 1733. Today, Prambanan is perhaps one of the most beautiful Hindu temples in Indonesia, showcasing amazing craftsmanship in a building with such complexity and grand structure. The temple grounds measure 39.8 hectares and include Prambanan Temple (also known as Loro Jonggrang), Bubrah Temple, Sewu Temple, and Lumbung Temple. Within Prambanan Temple itself, there are 240 temples. The temple stands at 47 meters high and is visible from a distance.

How to get there

Yogyakarta or Semarang would be the closest cities to Prambanan. There are numerous domestic flights there from Jakarta or the bigger cities in Indonesia. Air Asia is the first international airline that flies direct to Yogyakarta from Kuala Lumpur.

From Yogyakarta, you can rent a car to Klaten, which is within walking distance of the temple. If you are tired of walking, you can always take a ride on the rickshaw called Becak, which will take you right to the front of the temple gates.

The best time to visit is early in the morning before the afternoon sun and heat rises.

Address/ Location: Bokoharjo, Prambanan, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Phone: +62 274 496401
Entrance Fee: Adults Rp252,000; Registered Student Rp126,000
Note: Your entrance ticket entitles you to a complimentary tea/coffee/water, and a sarong will be provided upon entry. You can also hire a guide for Rp75,000, which is probably a good idea since this is a complex monument.
Opening Hours: 6am – 6pm
Website: http://borobudurpark.com/

Accommodation

There are several hotels near Prambanan and plenty in town, ranging from luxurious 5-star hotels to more economical options. Below are just two examples of the ones near Prambanan. Most people would stay in Yogyakarta and take a taxi to Prambanan. We recommend that you do your own research to find the perfect place that suits your budget and requirements.

1. Poeri Devata Resort Hotel

Address: Klurak, Taman Martani, Kalasan, Sleman, 55571 Prambanan, Indonesia
Phone: +62 274 496453
Website: NIL

1. Rumah Desa Homestay

Address: Ngangkruk Baru, Gang Akasia, No 51, Rt 25, Rw 08, Tlogo, Prambanan, Klaten, 57454 Prambanan, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Website: https://goo.gl/Ey2G8y

8. Komodo National Park

Fancy seeing some dragons? Then, head over to the Komodo National Park which got its name from the komodo dragons living on this island. There are at least 2,500 komodo dragons on this island and, because of their rare nature, the island was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986.

The park is located in East Nusa Tenggara, which consists of many smaller islands covering 1817 kilometres of marine and land areas. The three major islands are Komodo, Rinca, and Padar, which is also home to many other important terrestrial species as well as aquatic life.

There are around 385 species of beautiful corals, 70 types of sponges, 10 types of dolphins, 6 types of whales, sharks, stingrays, and green turtles at the Park. It is no wonder that the Komodo waters are known to be one of the best diving spots in the world. A marine reserve was recently established, but there are still many undocumented species and areas yet to be explored.

How to get there

There are daily 1.5-hour flights from Bali to Labuan Bojo. There are also inter-island motorboats which you can take from Sape in West Nusa Tenggara which operates every day, except during bad weather. The Pelni ship, which comes from Bali and Lombok, will also stop over here every two weeks. For more information, you can go to http://komodonationalpark.org/pnk/how_go_to_komodo.php

Address/ Location: Komodo, Kabupaten Manggarai Barat, Nusa Tenggara Tim., Indonesia
Phone: +62 274 496401
Entrance Fee: NIL
Opening Hours: 6am – 6pm
Website: http://www.komodonationalpark.org/

Accommodation

There are many accommodations near Komodo National Park which you should make use of as Komodo dragons are known to enter camping tents and may cause harm. Below are just two examples of the hotels near Komodo. You should do your own research to find accommodations that suit your budget and requirements.

1. Bajo Komodo Eco Lodge

Address: Jl. Pantai Pede Km., Gorontalo-Labuan Bajo, Flores, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 7474205
Website: http://bajoecolodge.com/

1. Luwansa Beach Resort

Address: Jl. Pantai Pede, Komodo, Labuan Bajo, Flores 86554, Indonesia
Phone: +62 385 2443677
Website: http://labuanbajo.luwansahotels.com/

9. Mount Bromo

Mount Bromo in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park is about 4 hours from Surabaya, the capital of East Java. The park covers 800 square km, and Mount Bromo stands at 2,392 meters tall. Although it may be small compared to other volcanoes, you will be in awe with its stunning views and dramatic landscapes when you get up there.

There is a legend that surrounds Mount Bromo about a fifteenth-century princess named Princess Roro, who was the daughter of the Majapahit King Brawijaya. She and her husband had escaped from marauding Islamic forces. They hid and took shelter at Mount Bromo where they established a new kingdom called Tengger. Their kingdom prospered and flourished. Sadly, the royal couple did not bear any children, so there was no heir to the throne.

Upacara Kasada – a ceremony held every year where people make offerings to the God of Mount Bromo since it swallowed Prince Kesuma

Desperate, they went up to Mount Bromo to pray for help. After many days, the crater opened, and the God Hyang Widi Wasa answered their prayers. He said that he would grant them children upon the condition that their youngest child is given to the mountain as a sacrifice. They agreed and went on to have 25 children. However, when the time came to sacrifice their youngest, Prince Kesuma, they could not go through it. They broke their promise and angered the God of Mount Bromo, causing a terrible eruption that swallowed Prince Kesuma into the crater. From then on, Kesuma’s brother and sisters started making offerings at the crater once a year to appease the God – a ceremony that is still observed to this day. This famous ceremony is the Upacara Kasada, and it is held each year on the full moon of the 12th month, based on the Tenggerese calendar.

Gorgeous Milky Way at night at Mount Bromo

Take Note: Temperatures are 20°C and below around the park. At night, it can drop to zero. You may experience some rain, especially during the monsoon season from November to March. Please wear the appropriate attire and keep warm and dry when going up Mount Bromo.

How to get there

You can fly direct from Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, Hong Kong, Bali, and Jakarta to Juanda International Airport in Surabaya. After that, go to the nearest travel agent and book a package to Mount Bromo.

Alternatively, you can rent a car, grab a map, and drive 2-3 hours, using the Probolinggo to Ngadisari route, to get there. You should plan to leave Surabaya at 11pm or midnight so that you will arrive in time to witness the magnificent sunrise. Many travellers would stay overnight at Prigen to make sure they do not miss the sunrise, and to be on the crater rim before it happens.

Address/ Location: Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Indonesia
Phone: +62 341 491828
Entrance Fee: NIL
Opening Hours: 7am – 9pm
Website: http://bromotenggersemeru.org/

Accommodation

There are quite a few accommodations near and around Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, ranging from the cheap to the luxurious. It’s best to do your own research to make sure you find accommodations that suit your budget and requirements. Below are two examples.

1. Smbromo hotel

Address: Jalan Raya Bromo, Ngadas, Sukapura, Bromo, Bromo, 65157 Indonesia
Phone: +62 335 4513559
Website: http://smbromohotel.co.id/

1. Jiwa Jawa Bromo

Address: Jl. Raya Bromo, Wonotoro, Sukapura, Probolinggo, Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park 67254, Indonesia
Phone: +62 335 541193
Website: http://www.jiwajawa.com/

10. Lake Toba

This spectacular volcanic lake is the largest in Southeast Asia and one of the deepest in the world. In the centre of the huge crater lake is an island – Pulau Samosir – that is even bigger than Singapore. Lake Toba covers 1,145 square kilometres with a depth of 450 meters, making it more like an ocean than a lake. It is no wonder Lake Toba is one of the most beautiful natural wonders in the world.

Lake Toba’s Samosir Island is bigger than Singapore

Explore the magnificent Sipisopiso waterfall at 120 metres

Lake Toba is a perfect place for you to sit back, relax, and enjoy its beautiful and refreshing environment with scenic mountains surrounding the pristine lake. It is also famous for its Banana Pancakes trail. The lake sits at 900 meters above sea level, so the weather here is simply cool and refreshing, which is a good change from the heat and humidity of the city.

A magical scene – cooling morning mists at Lake Toba. Here visitors can truly relax and enjoy Lake Toba’s pristine lake and natural surroundings

Take Note: The lake is very popular with Chinese tourists, especially during Chinese New Year, which is when the demand for accommodations drives the prices astronomically high. Book early or avoid going there during the Chinese New Year period.

How to get there

Travellers usually fly into Medan Kuala Namu International Airport, and then rent a car or take a taxi to the town area, Parapat. It takes 4 hours by car and 4-6 hours by public bus to get there. There are many travel agencies in Medan that can help you organise your journey and car rental services.

Once in Parapat, take the ferry to Samosir Island, which leaves every 1.5 hours. It will take you to either Tombok or Tuk Tuk village, where more accommodations available.
If you wish to take the bus, head for Amplas bus terminal to catch a bus to Parapat for Rp40,000. An air-conditioned bus is Rp70,000. Then, take the ferry to Samosir Island for Rp15,000, which will drop you at your hotel.

You can also get to Lake Toba by train, which is probably the best way to travel if you are not in a rush and wish to enjoy the scenic view along the way. You will also get to experience the lifestyle of the locals when you travel by train. Don’t worry about food as many food vendors come in and out of the train selling all kinds of refreshments. From the airport, take a taxi or becak to Lapangan Merdeka and Setasiun Kereta Api Medan – you may need to write this down so you can show them. It is 1.5 hours by taxi and costs around Rp150,000. There is only one train that leaves for Pematang Siantar/Siantar at 1:30 pm and it costs Rp40,000 for a 4-hour journey that stops at every station. Once you have arrived, you can either walk, take a taxi or becak (trishaw) to the bus and taxi hub to get yourself to Perapat.

Address/ Location: North Sumatra, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: NIL
Opening Hours: NIL
Website: http://www.indonesia-tourism.com/north-sumatra/toba_lake.html

Accommodation

There are plenty of accommodations around Lake Toba, especially in Tuk Tuk village where it is most concentrated. You can choose from budget hotels to luxurious resorts. We recommend you do your own research to find an accommodation that suits your budget and requirements. Below are two examples.

1. Mas Cottages

Address: Tuk Tuk Pinda Raya, 22395 Tuk Tuk, Indonesia
Phone: +62 625 451051
Website: http://mas-cottages.blogspot.my/

1. Toba Village Inn

Address: Tuktuk Siadong 1, 22395 Tuk Tuk, Indonesia
Phone: +62 625 451346
Website: http://www.tobavillageinn.com/en/Welcome.aspx

11. Uluwatu Temple

Uluwatu Temple, also known as Pura Luhur Uluwatu, is perched on a very steep 70-meter cliff that projects into the sea. It is one of the six key temples of the Sad Kahyangan Temples, which are believed to be the main spiritual pillars of Bali.

Located in Pacatu Village, a sub-district of Kuta, some believe that the temple was built by Empu Kuturan in the 9th century AD. Others believe that the temple was built by Dang Hyang Nirartha, a Hindu monk from the Daha Kingdom in East Java. They said that after Dang Hyang Nirartha completed building the temple on Pecatu Hill, he went on a spiritual journey around Bali, came back to Uluwatu Temple, and passed away there. He went into meditation (moksa), left this worldly life to enter heaven (Swargaloka), and his body disappeared with him. The Hindus believe that he has achieved liberation.

The Balinese Hindus believe that the temple protects Bali from evil sea spirits and has dedicated this temple to Siva Rudra/ Shiva. The renowned beautiful temple is one of the must-visit sites in Bali, especially during sunset with views that overlooks the magnificent Indian Ocean. The traditional dance called Kecak and Fire Dance is performed daily at the cliff-top stage from 6pm to 7pm. The performance is mesmerising with the sun setting in the background. A small fee is charged to visitors (USD10/person) who wish to watch the performance.

The traditional dance called Kecak and Fire Dance or Monkey Dance performances is something worth catching when visiting Uluwatu Temple

When you are there, watch out for the hundreds of monkeys roaming around. They may look tame, but they are very aggressive. They are also good at grabbing food off your hands and snatching your belongings to barter for food. So, be warned and guard your items. Try not to wear any jewellery that can be snatched off of you.

Take Note: Like any other temple in Bali or when visiting a holy place, it is important to dress respectfully. The dress code is always a traditional ‘kamen’ wrap around the lower body and a sash worn around the waist. Not to worry if you forgot, at the entrance of the temple, there will always be sarong rental services. Women who are having their periods are prohibited from entering any temple or sacred site. They can enjoy the sights and attractions in the outer perimeters of the temples only.

Address/ Location: Pecatu, South Kuta, Badung Regency, Bali, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: Rp40,000
Opening Hours: 9am – 5pm
Website: NIL

How to get there

From Kuta, you can take a 30-minute taxi ride which costs about Rp50,000 for a one-way trip. There is no public transportation available, so make prior arrangements to ensure your ride is waiting for you. Joining a tour group may be a cheaper option.

Due to its unique location, you will need to take the long, stone stairway to reach the temple. The temple faces the east, unlike most Balinese temples which face the west or south.

Take Note: Like any other temple in Indonesia or when visiting a holy place, it is important to dress respectfully. The dress code is always a traditional ‘kamen’ wrap around the lower body and a sash worn around the waist. Women who are having their periods are prohibited from entering any temple or sacred site. They can enjoy the sights and attractions in the outer perimeters of the temples only.

Accommodation

There are plenty of accommodations surrounding Uluwatu Temple ranging from 5-star hotels to cheaper options. We recommend you do further research to find an accommodation that suits your needs and budget. Below are two examples.

1. Uluwatu Beach House

Address: Jalan Pantai Suluban, Uluwatu, Pecatu, 80361 Uluwatu, Indonesia
Phone: +62 877 61680760
Website: http://www.ulubeachhouse.com/

1. Puri Kelapa by BukitVista

Address: Jl. Batu Jaran, 80361 Uluwatu, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Website: https://goo.gl/YYdgfj

12. Tana Toraja

Step back in time when you visit Tana Toraja, located in the south of Sulawesi Province, and experience one of Indonesia’s richest and oldest ethnic groups. See their unique architecture of intricate carvings and boat-shaped houses called Tongkonan.

The most attractive part about Tana Toraja, though, is the very warm and welcoming people. Although more than half of the Toraja people are Christians, they still proudly uphold and preserve their culture, which is Animism, to this day. Their adherence to their culture can be seen in the way they greet and welcome guests as well as during funeral ceremonies.

Toraja people bury their dead in small cave tombs carved on the edge of a cliff. Puppets (Tau Tau) are placed in front representing the deceased

Dead babies are buried inside a growing tree trunk. The locals believe that the wind will carry their souls and nature will absorb their body

The Toraja people have a special way of celebrating someone’s life, which may be too gruesome for some. Their death ceremonies are huge events that can last up to a week, with many ritual dances and buffalo fights. Animals such as pigs and buffaloes are slaughtered and sacrificed for the deceased. Finally, the body is placed in a small cave tomb with an figurine (Tau Tau) placed in front of them. Some are buried inside a hollow tree, and some are placed in a bamboo frame hanging from a cliff, exposed to the elements.

This sleepy rural region with scenic mountains and green valleys offer some of the best home-grown Arabica coffee – something not be missed by all coffee lovers.

How to get there

Three times a week, there are flights from Hasanuddin Airport in Makassar to Tana Toraja. They cost around Rp775,000 with flights on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Saturdays. Do double check with your local travel agency for the latest information at the time you are travelling.

Taking the bus from Makassar costs around Rp70,000 for a regular bus and Rp150,000 for a bus with air-conditioning. Most of the buses are clean and comfortable, so you can relax during the 8- to 10-hour journey.

You can also rent a car or a taxi for a more comfortable journey, which could cost you Rp850,000 – Rp1,200, 000 for a one-way trip.

Address/ Location: 328 kilometres north of Makassar, capital of South Sulawesi Province, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: NIL
Opening Hours: NIL
Website: NIL

Accommodation

There are accommodations available around Tana Toraja ranging from luxurious hotels to budget hotels. Here are two recommendations but we would advise you to do further research to find what suits you.

1. Toraja Heritage Hotel

Address: Jl. Ke’te Kesu’, 91831 Rantepao, Indonesia
Phone: +62 423 21192
Website: http://toraja-heritage.com/

1. Luta Resort Toraja

Address: Dr Ratulangi Street No.26, Rantepao, 91831 Rantepao, Indonesia
Phone: +62 423 21060
Website: http://www.torajalutaresort.com/

13. Tanjung Puting National Park

Map of Tanjung Puting National Park

Your visit to Indonesia would not be complete without visiting the orangutans, and one of the best places to visit them is in Tanjung Puting National Park, which is also known as one of the natural wonders of the world.

Tanjung Puting is the largest and most diverse protected forest that covers most of southern Borneo. It is 3,040 square kilometres of swampy terrain, dryland dipterocarp forest, heath forest, mangrove, secondary forest, and coastal beach forest with black water rivers flowing out into the Java Sea.

In the 1930s, the park was set to protect the orangutans and proboscis monkeys by the Dutch colonial government. Then, in 1977, it was designated as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and finally became a national park in 1982. It is home to the gentle orangutans as well as many other wild animals such as macaques, gibbons, sun bears, clouded leopards, wild boars, sambar deer, porcupines, and 220 species of birds. Today, Tanjung Puting National Park is one of the most popular ecotourism destinations and should definitely be on your travel itinerary!

How to get there

There are daily flights from Jakarta and other major cities in Indonesia to Pangkalan Bun. Visitors must take a boat from Pangkalan to Sekonyer River to explore the park, and these boats will actually accommodate you during your entire visit in Tanjung Putting.

It is best to pre-arrange your tour from your local agencies. Many tour agencies run cruises from Pangkalan Bun. Booking in advance provides a hassle-free experience as they will pick you up from the airport and send you straight to the river.

Address/ Location: Teluk Pulai, Waringin Barat, West Kotawaringin Regency, Central Kalimantan 74181
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: NIL
Opening Hours: NIL
Website: https://orangutan.org/rainforest/tanjung-puting-national-park/

Accommodation

There are a few places you can stay in or near Tanjung Puting National Park. Be sure to do extra research to find the one that suits you and your budget. Below are two examples. If you need to search for more, this is a good site to check out: http://www.tanjung-puting.com/lodging/.

1. Rimba Orangutan Eco Lodge

Address: Sungai Sekonyer, Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting, Kumai, Pangkalan Bun, Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 4719383
Website: http://www.ecolodgesindonesia.com/

1. Yayorin Homestay Ecolodge

Address: Jl Bhayangkara, km 1, Pangkalan Bun, Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia
Phone: +62 0532 29057
Website: www.yayorin.com

14. Kalimantan – Borneo

Kalimantan is the place to be for all you nature lovers out there. As the third largest island in the world, with five Indonesian provinces, there are endless places to explore. It is home to 12 million people, has no volcanoes, and is protected from tsunamis. This makes it one of the most biodiverse islands in the world.

Known for its lush ancient forest and home to some of the world’s most beloved endangered species; orangutans, gibbons, hornbills, Kalimantan is a wealth of natural wilderness.

When you are in Kalimantan, one of the best way to experience local life is to stay in a Dayak’s longhouse

The best way to experience Kalimantan is by experiencing local life. Try living with one of Kalimantan’s indigenous people, the Dayaks, in their longhouses and embrace their warm community lifestyle, which I am sure, will be an eye-opener.

Map of Kalimantan. Click on image to enlarge

The cities of Kalimantan at a glance:

• Balikpapan– The Oil City of Indonesia.
• Banjarmasin– This is the biggest city in Kalimantan, and it is famous for its floating market.
• Pontianak- This city is mostly populated by the Chinese, Dayak, and Malay peoples. There are also some minorities such as Bugis and Javanese.
• Palangkaraya– The capital of Central Kalimantan.
• Samarinda- The capital of East Kalimantan.
• Tanjung Selor– This is a district in Bulungan Regency in northern Kalimantan.
• Tarakan- The capital of North Kalimantan. There is a visa-free border crossing here between Indonesia and Tawau in Sabah, Malaysia.

How to get there

You can catch a flight from Sepinggan International Airport (IATA: BPN) to Kalimantan. There are also many direct domestic flights from major cities in Indonesia, except Bali. There are also flights from Kuala Lumpur (Air Asia) and Singapore (Silk Air).

Kalimantan’s regional airport in the south, Syamsudin Noor Airport (IATA: BDJ), has many connecting flights to major Indonesian cities like Jakarta, Surabaya, Bali, Yogyakarta, Makassar, Pontianak, and Balikpapan.

Address/ Location: Southeast Asia
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: NIL
Opening Hours: NIL
Website: http://indonesia-tourism.com/

Accommodation

It all depends on which part of Kalimantan you are visiting as there are five provinces and seven major cities. We highly recommend that you do further research based on your travel plans. Here are just two examples of the many more that can be found online.

1. Swiss-Belhotel Tarakan

Address: Jln. Mulawarman No. 15, Tarakan 77111, Indonesia
Phone: +62 551 21133
Website: http://www.swiss-belhotel.com/en-gb/swiss-belhotel-tarakan

1. Harris Hotel

Address: Jalan Gajah Mada No.150, 78121 Pontianak, Indonesia
Phone: +62 778 7498888
Website: http://pontianak-pontianak.harrishotels.com/

15. Gunung Rinjani

Indonesia’s second highest mountain after Mount Kerinchi, Gunung Rinjani is an active volcano that towers over Lombok. Many travellers come here to climb the mountain because reaching the top is said to be the most exhilarating experience ever. Standing at 3,726 meters tall, the climb may be quite challenging but, once you have conquered it, the view makes it worthwhile.

The mountain is believed to be sacred. Even its name, Rinjani, which means ‘God’ in Javanese, is divine. Within the mountain is a crescent-shaped lake named Segara Anak that is considered to be holy. Every year, the Hindu Balinese will make a pilgrimage here and perform a special ceremony called pekelan. They would offer jewellery to the mountain spirit and, on full moon nights, they will come here to pray.

Located within the Gunung Rinjani National Park, Rinjani attracts many trekkers from all over the world to its breath-taking vistas and explore its diverse tropical flora and fauna.

How to get there

The most popular entry point is via the Senaru village, which is on the north side of the mountain and closer to the main resort areas. Another entry point, which is close to the summit, is Sembalun Lawang, on the east side of the mountain. You can access both these villages from the main north coast road.

From Padang Bai Bali, the best and cheapest option is to take the ferry. It costs Rp45,000, operates 24 hours a day, and takes 4 hours and 30 minutes. Alternatively, you can take the fast boat, which takes only 2 hours and costs Rp250,000. The first boat leaves at 8am, and the last boat leaves at 1:30pm.

From Lembar Harbour, you can take a 45-minute taxi ride for around Rp35,000, depending on your negotiation skills. You can take the bus for Rp15,000 if you arrive during the day. Night buses cost Rp30,000.

Other options include taking a taxi to Senaru, which will take about 4 hours. From Mataram to Senaru, the cost is Rp350,000, which is also negotiable.

Address/ Location: Taman Nasional Gunung Rinjani, Jl. Arya Banjar Getas, Lingkar Selatan – Ampenan, Lombok Barat-NTB Indonesia
Phone: +62 0 370 660 8874
Entrance Fee: Rp150,000 per person
*To check on the trekking packages offered, please go to the website below.
Opening Hours: NIL
Website: http://rinjaninationalpark.com/

Accommodation

There are several lodges and hotels available near Mount Rinjani. Below are two examples. We recommend that you do further research to see what suits your budget and needs.

1. Lembah Rinjani Villa & Resto

Address: Sembalun Lawang, Sembalun, Sembalun Lawang, Lombok Timur, Kabupaten Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Bar. 83656, Indonesia
Phone: +62 818 03652511
Website: https://sites.google.com/site/lembahrinjani/

1. Pondok Senaru Cottages

Address: Jl. Pariwisata, Senaru, Bayan, Kabupaten Lombok Utara, Nusa Tenggara Bar. 80335, Indonesia
Phone: +62 818 03624129
Website: http://www.pondoksenaru.com/

16. Banda Islands

The Banda Islands used to be known as the Spice Islands. Located between Sulawesi and Papua, it was famous for its spices, especially nutmeg. The island was first colonised by the Portuguese and then the Dutch, who fought the Spice War with the British. Today, it is one of Indonesia’s most treasured islands with vibrant multi-coloured coral gardens and many untouched beaches.

The Islands consist of a cluster of ten islands. With depths reaching more than 6,500 meters, it is a haven for divers all over the world. Its pristine crystal clear waters give many the opportunity to spot the many beautiful marine life such as sea turtles, sharks, Ambon scorpionfish, whales, lobsters, and more.

How to get there

This island is really off the beaten track. First, you will need to get a flight from one of the major cities in Indonesia to Ambon. There are several flights a day, so do check with your local travel agent. After reaching Ambon, you have these options:

1. Take a flight to Banda islands in a tiny 12-seat plane for Rp300,000. AviaStar has an office in the Ambon airport and offers direct flights, but you need to make advance bookings.
2. Taking a fast boat from Ambon to Banda Islands is perhaps the best way to the island. You will need to contact Mutiara Guesthouse for more information about this Rp510,000 boat trip.
3. You can sail to the Banda Islands on a huge Pelni ship. It sails from major ports in Indonesia and would go from Ambon to Bandaneira (Banda) every two weeks. The journey takes 8 hours. For more information, it would be best to check with your travel agency. So far there are two ships, Tidar and Kelimutu. The cost is Rp110,000 for an economy class ticket. You may want to consider taking the First Class option as there have been many incidences of robbery.

Address/ Location: 140 kilometres south of Seram Island and about 2,000 kilometres east of Java. The island is part of the province of Maluku.
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: NIL
Opening Hours: NIL
Website: NIL

Accommodation

There are several lodges and hotels available in the Banda Islands, and some of them have to be checked out when you are there. Below are two examples found online. We recommend that you do further research and check with your travel agent to help you make the necessary arrangements.

1. Cilu Bintang Estate

Address: Jl. Benteng Belgica, RT. 02, Desa Nusantara, Kec. Banda Neira, Nusantara, Banda, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah, Maluku, Indonesia
Phone: +62 813 30343377
Website: http://cilubintang.com/

1. The Maulana

Address: Jalan Pelabuhan, Desa Nusantara RT3, Nusantara, Banda, Banda Naira, Maluku 97593, Indonesia
Phone: +62 812 12216044
Website: http://www.themaulana.com/

17. Sacred Monkey Forest

Sacred Monkey Forest, or Ubud Monkey Forest, can be found in the Balinese village of Padangtegal. A popular attraction in Ubud, the temple is set in a beautiful lush green natural sanctuary. It is home to around 700 long-tailed macaques. Conveniently located to Ubud Town Centre, it is within walking distance from many resorts, guesthouses, cafes, and restaurants.

Walking around the park is very relaxing and enjoyable as you see many playful monkeys swinging from the leafy nutmeg trees. Some of them are friendly enough to come up to you and sit on your shoulder. The park also presents many beautiful ancient temples with guardians covered in moss, creating a mystical and enchanting experience.

The locals believe that the Monkey Forest is sacred ground, and an important spiritual, economic, educational, and conservative centre. There are around 186 species of trees in this 12.5 hectares of natural forestry.

Take Note: Like any other temple in Indonesia or when visiting a holy place, it is important to dress respectfully. The dress code is always a traditional ‘kamen’ wrap around the lower body and a sash worn around the waist. Women who are having their periods are prohibited from entering any temple or sacred site. They can enjoy the sights and attractions in the outer perimeters of the temples only.

How to get there

If you are staying in Ubud, walking is the best way to get there. You can start from the Ubud main road and turn into Jalan Hanoman. This will lead you to a right turn that takes you to the sanctuary.

If you are coming from other parts of Bali, like Kuta, hop into a metered taxi or rent a car.

Address/ Location: Jl. Monkey Forest, Ubud, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali 80571, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 971304
Entrance Fee: Rp50,000 (Adult); Rp40,000 (Child)
Opening Hours: 8:30am – 6pm daily
Website: https://www.monkeyforestubud.com/

Accommodation

There are plenty of accommodations in Ubud from luxurious 5-star hotels and resorts to the more economical back-packers guest-houses. Further research should be done to find a place that suits your needs and budget. Here are two examples.

1. Komaneka at Monkey Forest

Address: Jalan Monkey Forest, Ubud, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali 80571, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 4792518
Website: http://monkeyforest.komaneka.com/

1. Villa Indah Ubud

Address: Jl. Raya Kedewatan No 25, 80361 Ubud, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 975490
Website: http://www.villaindahubud.com/

18. Tirta Empul Temple

Located in the Balinese village of Tampaksiring, is a lovely Hindu Balinese water temple. The temple has a bathing pool which is famous for its holy spring water. Ever since it was built in 962 AD, the Balinese Hindus will go there to have a ritual purification bath.

The Balinese devotees believe that this spring water was created by the Hindu god Indra and that it contains healing properties. The source of this spring water in Tirta Empul Temple is said to come from the ground, which flows continuously. The main attraction at this temple is the rectangular stone-carved pool that is filled with koi fishes and features 12 fountains spouting out the sacred spring water.

It may be tempting watching the devotees bathe, but the purification bathing ritual is meant for pilgrims and devotees only. If you are really interested in this ritual, you may consult with your guide who can then request the temple authority for more details on your behalf.

Take Note: Like any other temple in Bali or when visiting a holy place, it is important to dress respectfully. The dress code is always a traditional ‘kamen’ wrap around the lower body and a sash worn around the waist. Women who are having their periods are prohibited from entering any temple or sacred site. They can enjoy the sights and attractions in the outer perimeters of the temples only.

How to get there

From Denpasar Bali Airport, it is just about an hour drive. From Ubud, it is a 30-minute drive. The best way to get there, if you are not staying in central Bali, is to take a metered taxi. Otherwise, walking there is a breeze.

Address/ Location: Jl. Tirta, Manukaya, Tampaksiring, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali 80552, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: Rp15,000 (Adult) and Rp7,500 (Child)
Opening Hours: 9am – 5pm daily
Website: NIL

Accommodation

There are plenty of accommodations in Central Bali around the temple. You can choose from luxurious 5-star hotels and resorts to the more economical hotels. We recommend that you do further research to find a place that suits your needs and budget. Here are two examples.

1. Anahata Villas & Spa Resort

Address: Br. Umah Anyar-Tampak Siring, PO Box 1011 Ubud, Indonesia
Phone: + 62 361 8987991
Website: http://www.anahataresort.com/

1. Alam Sembuwuk Resort

Address: Jl. Raya Pejeng Kawan no. 45, Banjar Sembuwuk, Desa Pejeng, Ubud 80552, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 8987859
Website: http://www.alamsembuwuk.com/

19. Ujung Kulon National Park

Ujung Kulon National Park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. Located 300 kilometres from the capital Jakarta, Ujung Kulon National Park comprises of 78,619 hectares of land and 44,337 hectares of seas. The park has one of the world’s most unspoilt natural ecosystem. And, one of the reasons why the national park’s ecosystem of flora and fauna is so well preserved is because there is very little human interference.

The most precious feature of all is the majestic one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sundaicus), commonly known as the Javan Rhino. These rhinos are classified as critically endangered in the IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) Red List of Threatened Species.

Besides the Javan Rhino, the National Park is also refuge to many other unique wildlife, such as surili, dhole/wild dog, the Owa Jawa monkeys, silvery gibbon, banteng bull, Javan leopard, Javan lutung, Javan mouse-deer, and more. There are also over 72 species of reptiles and amphibians and 240 species of birds that make Ujung Kulon their home.

Unlike other parks, Ujung Kulon National Park encompasses rich vegetation from the sea coast to tropical mountains. For nature lovers, the Ujung Kulon National Park is a must on the travel itinerary.

How to get there

There are two options for you to get into Ujung Kulon National Park.

1. Charter boats from Carita Beach, which takes about 2-3 hours to reach the national park representative office and accommodations.
2. Rent a car and go via Labuan to Tamanjaya or Sumur. Entrance ticket, insurance, and general information about the park can be obtained from Ujung Kulon National Park’s office, which is located in Tamanjaya Village. You can arrange all the requirements you need for your visit at the office such as boat rentals, local guides, porters, and more.

Address/ Location: Jl. 51 Independence Pioneers district. Labuan, Kab. Pandeglang, Banten. 42264, Indonesia
Phone: +62 253 801731
Entrance Fee: Rp25,000 (excludes fees for roaming around the lowland forest areas)
Opening Hours: The Park does not have set opening hours, but the park’s offices in Tamanjaya on the mainland and on Peucang Island only operates during the day.
Website: http://www.ujungkulon.org/

Accommodation

There are a few accommodations near Ujung Kulon National Park. It all depends on your budget and requirements. We recommend that you do further research to find a place that suits your needs. Here are two examples.

1. Tanjung Lesung Beach Hotel

Address: Kawasan Wisata Tanjung Lesung Kav. R No. 14A, Jalan Raya Tanjung Lesung, Tanjungjaya, Panimbang, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten 42281, Indonesia
Phone: +62 253 802900
Website: http://www.tanjunglesung.com/

1. Bunar Tunggal Villa n Resto

Address: Jl. Raya Tanjung Lesung No. 22 Tanjung Jaya, Pandeglang Banten, 42281 Tanjung Lesung, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Website: https://goo.gl/33wWzj

20. Jatiluwih Rice Fields

Your trip to Bali will not be complete if you do not see the famous Jatiluwih Rice Fields. Instead of just sun, sand, sea, and shopping, take a drive out and away from the busy tourist crowd, and discover the beauty of the rest of the island peacefully.

The Jatiluwih Rice Fields may be not be appreciated by many, even though it is the most popular image you see on every guidebook. However, when you do get here, you will be charmed by stunning rice terraces that look like stairs leading up to the sky. The best part is that you will not see anybody here. Perfect for meditation, and for reconnecting with yourself and nature.

How to get there

Located in the middle of Bali near Gunung Batukaru, the only way to get here is by taxi or by renting a car. Alternatively, you could spend a few days here in one of its nearby resorts.

Address/ Location: Jalan Jatiluwih Kangin No. 2, Desa Jatiluwih, Penebel, Jatiluwih, Penebel, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali 82152, Indonesia
Phone: NIL
Entrance Fee: NIL
Opening Hours: NIL
Website: NIL

Accommodation

There are not many hotels and resorts around the Jatiluwih Rice Fields, but these two are amongst the few that can be found online. We recommend you do further research to find the right place to suit your budget and needs.

1. Villa Lumbung Jatiluwih

Address: Banjar Soka Kawan, Desa Senganan, Penebel, Jatiluwih, Senganan, Tabanan, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali 82152, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 880077
Website: http://www.balinatureland.com/

1. Batukaru Hotel

Address: Jalan Batukaru Jatiluwih Penebel, Mengesta, Tabanan, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali 82152, Indonesia
Phone: +62 361 8730471
Website: https://goo.gl/6zYr9v

Travel Books on Indonesia

To make the most out of your trip to Indonesia, read up for more tips and information before you arrive. Here are two popular travel books to help plan your trip better and make your journey more enjoyable:

Lonely Planet Indonesia (Travel Guide)

Authors: Loren Bell, Stuart Butler, Trent Holden, Anna Kaminski, Hugh McNaughtan, Adam Skolnick, Iain Stewart, Ryan Ver Berkmoes.

“Lonely Planet Indonesia is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Take in a traditional gamelan performance, laze on hidden beaches, or hike volcanic peaks; all with your trusted travel companion. Get to the heart of Indonesia and begin your journey now!”

Website: https://www.lonelyplanet.com/indonesia

Indonesia (Footprint Focus)

Authors: Paul Dixon

“Party in Jakarta, trek through virgin rainforest in Sumatra and explore Komodo Island – home to the famous Komodo dragon. Indonesia is truly off the beaten path – come here to wade through jungles, mingle with locals on bus journeys and to have a genuine experience of Southeast Asia. Footprint Focus Indonesia will take you from the warm waters of Lake Toba to the white sand beaches of Bali. This guide includes listings on the best places to eat and sleep, plus information on tours and activities.”

 
Sources:

• http://wikitravel.org/en/Indonesia
• http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/id.htm
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chola_invasion_of_Srivijaya
• https://www.rickshawtravel.co.uk/asia/south-east/indonesia/travel-advice/when-to-go/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Indonesia
• http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/guides/guide-to-indonesia-etiquette-customs-culture-business/
• http://www.commisceo-global.com/country-guides/indonesia-guide
• http://lagunatrip.com/borobudur-entrance-fee-2017-update/
• http://www.bali-indonesia.com/

 
For more interesting information:

• Wonderful Sri Lanka
• Wonderful Myanmar
• Kelaniya Raja Maha Vihara-A sacred place to visit
• Exquisite Nagadeepa Vihara in Sri Lanka
• Must visit Chengdu (exotic and exciting)

Please support us so that we can continue to bring you more Dharma:

If you are in the United States, please note that your offerings and contributions are tax deductible. ~ the tsemrinpoche.com blog team